{"id":6116,"date":"2025-01-24T14:57:45","date_gmt":"2025-01-24T06:57:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/?p=6116"},"modified":"2025-01-24T14:57:50","modified_gmt":"2025-01-24T06:57:50","slug":"kenali-industri-minyak-dan-gas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/2025\/01\/24\/kenali-industri-minyak-dan-gas\/","title":{"rendered":"Kenali Industri Minyak dan Gas"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Hai adik-adik! Pernah tak dengar tentang minyak dan gas? Dalam industri ini, ada tiga bahagian utama, iaitu <strong>upstream<\/strong>, <strong>midstream<\/strong>, dan <strong>downstream<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jom kita belajar apa maksudnya!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Apa itu Upstream (Huluan)?<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8220;Upstream&#8221; ialah peringkat awal dalam industri minyak dan gas. Ia melibatkan:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Cari Minyak dan Gas<\/strong> \u2013 Orang minyak mencari kawasan di bawah tanah atau dasar laut yang mungkin ada minyak dan gas.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Gali dan Kaji<\/strong> \u2013 Mereka akan menggali untuk melihat sama ada minyak dan gas benar-benar ada di situ.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Pam ke Permukaan<\/strong> \u2013 Minyak dan gas yang dijumpai akan dibawa keluar ke permukaan supaya boleh digunakan.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Bahagian Lain Industri Minyak dan Gas<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Selain upstream (huluan), ada dua lagi bahagian yang juga penting:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Midstream (Pertengahan)<\/strong> \u2013 Bahagian ini menguruskan penghantaran minyak dan gas dari tempat ia dijumpai ke tempat pemprosesan.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Downstream (Hiliran)<\/strong> \u2013 Di sini minyak dan gas diproses menjadi produk yang kita gunakan setiap hari, seperti petrol untuk kereta, gas memasak, dan pelbagai bahan lain.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full thumber2\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/upstream-mid-and-downstream-1.png\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"3419\" height=\"1983\" src=\"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/upstream-mid-and-downstream-1.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6119\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/upstream-mid-and-downstream-1.png 3419w, https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/upstream-mid-and-downstream-1-300x174.png 300w, https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/upstream-mid-and-downstream-1-1024x594.png 1024w, https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/upstream-mid-and-downstream-1-768x445.png 768w, https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/upstream-mid-and-downstream-1-1536x891.png 1536w, https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/upstream-mid-and-downstream-1-2048x1188.png 2048w, https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/01\/upstream-mid-and-downstream-1-621x360.png 621w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 3419px) 100vw, 3419px\" \/><\/a><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Source: <a href=\"https:\/\/www.elandcables.com\/media\/ywugrq1z\/v637655804934500001\/upstream-mid-and-downstream.png\">https:\/\/www.elandcables.com\/media\/ywugrq1z\/v637655804934500001\/upstream-mid-and-downstream.png<\/a><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Syarikat Minyak Besar macam PETRONAS<\/strong><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>Ada syarikat besar seperti PETRONAS yang terlibat dalam semua bahagian ini \u2013 dari upstream (huluan) ke midstream (pertengahan) dan downstream (hiliran).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jadi, sekarang adik-adik tahu, upstream adalah peringkat pertama yang sangat penting. Midstream pula memastikan minyak dan gas dapat dihantar dengan selamat, dan downstream memastikan produk tersebut sampai kepada kita untuk digunakan dalam kehidupan seharian. Tanpa ketiga-tiga bahagian ini, banyak aktiviti harian kita akan terjejas. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Reference:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Hayes, A. (2024, April 16). What is upstream in the oil and gas industry? Investopedia.<\/strong> Retrieved January 24, 2025, from <a href=\"https:\/\/www.investopedia.com\/terms\/u\/upstream.asp\">What Is Upstream in the Oil and Gas Industry?<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Hai adik-adik! Pernah tak dengar tentang minyak dan gas? Dalam industri ini, ada tiga bahagian utama, iaitu upstream, midstream, dan downstream. Jom kita belajar apa maksudnya! Apa itu Upstream (Huluan)? &#8220;Upstream&#8221; ialah peringkat awal dalam industri minyak dan gas. Ia&hellip;  <\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/2025\/01\/24\/kenali-industri-minyak-dan-gas\/\">Continue reading <span class=\"meta-nav\">&rarr;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"advanced_seo_description":"","jetpack_seo_html_title":"","jetpack_seo_noindex":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2},"_wp_rev_ctl_limit":""},"categories":[155],"tags":[255],"class_list":["post-6116","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-munmonlisme","tag-oil-and-gas-industries"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4NeyD-1AE","jetpack-related-posts":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6116","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=6116"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6116\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":6121,"href":"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6116\/revisions\/6121"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=6116"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=6116"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.munmon.com\/v3\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=6116"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}